STRATEGIES OF TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENT OF HARDWARE OF INFOCOMMUNICATION RADIO NETWORKS

Abstract

Technologies for building telecommunication systems and networks based on 6G technology, which will be able to provide access to new functionality and information services using innovative wireless technologies and artificial intelligence methods, are considered. At the same time, information communication systems based on 6G are characterized by new functional parameters and devices, in particular, a new spectrum, new channels, new materials, new antennas, new computing technologies and new end devices, taking into account the possibility of simultaneous use of the THz range for communication and the scanning process. The operation of communication and scanning systems in new high-frequency ranges based on new materials and antennas is based on the application of silicon photonics, photonic crystals, heterogeneous, reconfigurable, photoelectric and plasmonic materials. At the same time, there is also a need to use new types of antennas for the THz frequency ranges. This is especially important, because due to significant transmission losses in the THz range, antennas are significantly different from conventional antennas that are connected to radio frequency systems via coaxial cables or microstrip lines. Given that Moore's law will soon lose its relevance, research into new computing technologies, such as computing based on artificial intelligence structures and quantum computing, has begun. The key indicators of the effectiveness of future telecommunication terminal devices as part of 6G information communication radio networks are considered and their functional capabilities are determined. The study of the architecture of terahertz communication systems was carried out using two different approaches to the construction of hardware: electronic, where radio frequencies are multiplied up to THz; and photonic, where optical frequencies are divided up to THz. It has been determined that most of such systems and networks are used for communication over short distances inside premises due to high atmospheric attenuation in the THz range. The prerequisites for achieving higher characteristics due to the addition of new materials to the silicon chip, such as photonic crystals, photovoltaic elements and plasma surfaces, are considered. As a result, new on-chip and in-body antenna designs, along with compact lens technology such as RIS, can provide more accurate implementation of the desired antenna characteristics, as well as reduce system size. Opportunities to use new communication and visualization methods have been identified, but implementation of terahertz systems based on electronics, optoelectronics, and photonics will depend on the usage scenario and operating frequencies.